The avrdude application can be downloaded here. Using a Bus Pirate combined with open-source software avrdude, the Atmel AVR microcontroller firmware can be extracted from the microcontroller’s flash via the SPI. Atmel Atmega2561 microcontroller Datasheet.Accomplishing this requires the following tools and software: To gain access to the firmware on Atmel microcontrollers, we will read directly from the controller over Serial Programming Interface (SPI). In this first part, we’ll cover the Atmel Atmega2561 microcontroller. The goal of this series is to cover a number of microcontrollers that might be encountered and to introduce you to tools, software, and methods used to extract firmware or to validate that the system designer has properly secured microcontroller memory areas. As a primer to this, we decided to start a series in which we discuss the process of extracting firmware from different microcontrollers (MCUs). When conducting security research on hardware, we often need to extract the firmware from the onboard flash of microcontrollers. Recently, we have been discussing hardware hacking for the security professional and researcher.
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